Bluetongue Virus Outbreak Investigated in Co Down Cattle

The first suspected outbreak of the bluetongue virus has been detected in cattle in Co Down, Northern Ireland. Authorities are currently investigating cases involving two cows near Bangor. In response to this potential health threat, the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (Daera) has established a temporary control zone extending 20 kilometers around the affected area.

As of now, moving susceptible species into or out of this zone is prohibited. However, a general licence permits the direct movement of animals to slaughter facilities. Bluetongue is a viral disease impacting livestock such as cattle, sheep, goats, deer, and llamas. Symptoms include a distinct blue and swollen tongue, fever, reduced milk yield, and, in severe cases, death. Importantly, the virus does not affect human health or food safety and is primarily spread by midges.

Martin Heydon, the Minister for Agriculture, expressed concern regarding the outbreak, stating, “The news of a suspect bluetongue outbreak in Northern Ireland is unwelcome. My thoughts are first and foremost with the affected farm family, and those farmers in the locality who will be worried about their own herds now.” He emphasized the potential consequences for animal health and welfare, as well as the emotional and financial stress this situation could bring to farmers.

In a similar vein, Northern Ireland Agriculture Minister Andrew Muir urged all producers affected by the new control measures to take action to limit the virus’s spread. “While there was always a potential for bluetongue to arrive here, given its prevalence in Great Britain and the European Union, we must now do all we can to protect our livestock and limit the spread of the disease,” he stated.

The suspected cases were identified through Daera’s active surveillance efforts. In a related development, the first confirmed case of bluetongue serotype 3 (BTV-3) in England since early March 2024 was reported on August 26, 2024, involving a sheep in Norfolk. Currently, over 260 premises in England have been affected, prompting a suspension of direct movements of all ruminants and camelids from Britain to Northern Ireland. This restriction will remain until the UK regains its EU-recognised disease-free status for bluetongue.

Daera’s chief veterinary officer, Brian Dooher, highlighted the unpredictable nature of the virus, noting that it can spread rapidly among flocks and herds. “Colleagues have been preparing for a possible incursion of this disease and have been working closely with our colleagues in the Republic of Ireland to ensure a coordinated response in tackling any incursion,” he added.

Farmers and livestock owners are urged to report any symptoms to a veterinarian, local divisional veterinary office, or the Daera helpline at 0300 200 7840. As the situation develops, authorities remain vigilant in monitoring and controlling the potential spread of this serious animal disease.