Europe Urged to Intensify Action Against Rising Bird Flu Outbreaks

Health officials across Europe are calling for an urgent increase in efforts to combat the growing threat of bird flu, following a significant surge in outbreaks this autumn. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) reported that more than 1,400 infections have been identified in at least 26 European countries since September 2023, marking a fourfold increase compared to the same period last year. This represents the highest level of avian influenza outbreaks in Europe since 2016.

The current rise in infections is attributed to the virus spreading among wild birds and poultry farms. With the heightened circulation of avian influenza, there is an increased risk that the virus could spill over into human populations. This concern is amplified by recent instances of the virus jumping from birds to mammals, including species such as foxes, mink, and cats.

Public Health Threat and Preparedness Measures

Edoardo Colzani, the ECDC’s chief of respiratory viruses, emphasized the importance of early detection and preparedness in preventing avian influenza from escalating into a public health crisis. “Although the current risk for the European people is low, avian influenza is still a serious public health threat due to widespread outbreaks among animals across Europe,” Colzani stated.

To mitigate the risks associated with bird flu, the ECDC has recommended several proactive measures. These include enhancing viral surveillance and laboratory testing capabilities, ensuring that protective gear is readily available for individuals at higher risk—such as poultry farm workers—and maintaining clear communication with the public. The agency has also stressed the necessity for “close collaboration” among veterinary, agricultural, and public health authorities to effectively respond to potential outbreaks.

Colzani further noted the importance of vigilant monitoring for early warning signs, stating, “We need to make sure that early warning signs don’t go unnoticed and that public health actions are timely, coordinated, and effective.”

Current Situation and Future Risks

Many of the bird flu infections detected this autumn have been among waterfowl, including birds that appeared healthy. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) identified that most cases were caused by a new variant of the virus that has been spreading rapidly across Europe. Earlier this year, health and food safety officials in Europe cautioned that avian influenza viruses could mutate, potentially increasing their ability to infect humans.

As the situation develops, health authorities are preparing for the possibility of further outbreaks and the need for ongoing vigilance to protect both animal and human health. The rise in bird flu cases serves as a reminder of the interconnectedness of wildlife, livestock, and human health, and the critical need for coordinated responses to emerging infectious diseases.