Young Women Shift from Contraceptive Pill to Fertility Trackers

Concerns over negative side effects and the influence of social media are leading many young women to abandon the contraceptive pill in favor of fertility tracking methods. This shift reflects a growing distrust in traditional hormonal contraception, which was once celebrated for empowering women with reproductive autonomy.

When the contraceptive pill was first introduced in the 1960s, it revolutionized women’s health. However, recent trends suggest that many now feel burdened by its potential risks. On platforms like TikTok, videos highlighting negative experiences with the pill are gaining traction. For instance, one video titled “Reasons To Go Off The Pill” garnered over 18,000 views and details a woman’s struggles, including a diminished sex drive. Another video warns viewers against starting the pill, citing potential weight gain. These personal accounts reflect a cultural shift towards skepticism, particularly among younger women seeking information online.

According to Ying Cheong, a professor of reproductive medicine at the University of Southampton, younger women are increasingly cautious about medication. “Social media amplifies stories about side effects such as weight gain, mood changes, or rare but serious risks like blood clots,” Cheong stated in an interview with Euronews Health. Given this context, many are questioning the safety of the pill while also exploring natural alternatives.

Understanding the Contraceptive Pill

Approximately one in five women in Europe use oral contraceptives, as reported by Statista. There are primarily two types of pills: the combined pill and the progestogen-only pill, also known as the mini pill. The combined pill contains both oestrogen and progestogen, preventing the ovaries from releasing eggs. Modern formulations have reduced oestrogen levels compared to the original versions from the 1960s, thereby lowering the risk of blood clots.

The progestogen-only pill operates similarly but is often prescribed for women unable to take oestrogen. Both types boast over 99 percent effectiveness when taken correctly, according to the National Health Service (NHS). They can also alleviate conditions such as heavy periods and endometriosis, with the combined pill being particularly effective for managing acne and premenstrual syndrome (PMS).

The Risks Associated with the Pill

Despite their effectiveness, both types of contraceptive pills carry potential side effects. Common issues reported with the combined pill include nausea, headaches, and irregular bleeding, affecting approximately one in five users, as noted by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Importantly, the NHS states that there is no evidence linking the pill to weight gain or changes in libido.

Cheong highlighted some serious but rare risks, including blood clots and certain cancers. “There is a small increase in breast and cervical cancer risk while taking the combined pill,” she explained, referencing data from NICE. Notably, the risk of breast cancer diminishes within 10 years of discontinuation, while the pill also reduces the risk of ovarian, womb, and bowel cancers.

The rise of social media has contributed to a surge in health-related discussions, particularly around under-researched issues such as endometriosis and menopause. “Women’s health is chronically underfunded. When hospital budgets are cut, gynaecology is usually the first to suffer, leading to unacceptably long wait times,” Cheong said. This lack of investment has prompted many women to seek alternatives, such as fertility tracking apps.

The Appeal of Natural Alternatives

Dr. Helen O’Neill, founder of Hertility Health, noted a marked increase in the use of fertility awareness-based methods, particularly among Gen Z women. Between 2022 and 2024, uptake of these methods rose by 12.4 percent. The appeal lies in their hormone-free nature and the avoidance of side effects associated with hormonal contraceptives.

However, there are caveats. While hormonal methods are between 91 and 99 percent effective, natural methods can have a failure rate of up to 24 percent if not strictly followed. A recent study revealed that an increasing number of abortion patients had relied on period-tracking methods. While these tools can help women understand their cycles, Cheong warns that prediction-based algorithms are less reliable for contraception.

“The pill has risks, but they are smaller compared to the health and social risks posed by unintended pregnancy,” Cheong emphasized. She argues that the contraceptive pill remains one of the safest and most effective options available. Instead of rejecting it outright, she advocates for increased research, investment, and choices in contraceptive methods, including options for men.

As the narrative around contraceptive choices continues to evolve, it is clear that young women are not necessarily turning away from the pill due to its ineffectiveness. Rather, they seek better alternatives and more comprehensive healthcare solutions that address their concerns and needs.