Ancient Weather Lore: Timeless Insights from Nature’s Storytellers

Weather has long served as a source of inspiration and reflection for cultures around the world. In his latest work, Manchán Magan explores how ancient perceptions of weather, drawn from the natural world, provide profound insights into the lives of our ancestors. His book, titled “Ninety-Nine Words for Rain (and One for Sun),” highlights the intricate relationship between weather patterns and daily life in Ireland, revealing how past generations interpreted signs from their environment.

Magan emphasizes the Irish proverb, “maith an scéalaí an aimsir,” which translates to “weather is a good storyteller.” This sentiment encapsulates the myriad ways weather influences human experiences, from the joys of sunny days to the challenges posed by storms. The book delves into historical and mythological accounts, illustrating how references to weather events like storms and droughts offer a glimpse into the lives of those who lived long ago.

The text examines the language used to describe various weather phenomena, showcasing how these terms connect us with our ancestors. For instance, phrases like “maidin le bheith ag pógadh na gcopán” evoke vivid images of chilly mornings spent under warm blankets, while “gaoth a bhainfeadh an craiceann d’fhíogach” captures the biting nature of a fierce wind.

Connecting Past and Present Through Nature

Magan’s exploration reflects how our forebears keenly observed their surroundings, developing a rich vocabulary that expressed their experiences of weather. The book highlights the expertise of ancient weather watchers—referred to as néaladóirí (cloud-watchers) and réadóirí (stargazers)—who interpreted signs from animals, plants, and celestial bodies to forecast weather patterns. Birds, for example, were seen as reliable indicators; swallows flying low often signaled impending rain, while the behaviour of herons could predict dry conditions.

The Irish Folklore Commission, established in the 1930s, collected traditional weather lore from communities across the country. Between 1937 and 1939, approximately 50,000 schoolchildren documented their elders’ knowledge about weather signs. Their findings revealed a wealth of insights, such as how the appearance of seals on the Aran Islands indicated good weather, while a loud sea forecasted a storm.

Animals were also believed to possess an innate ability to predict weather changes. For example, a cat lying with its back to the fire suggested rain was on the way, while a pig staring straight ahead indicated an approaching storm. Even insects, such as spiders retreating to the edges of their webs, were thought to signal fair weather.

Weather Lore and Modern Understanding

As Magan reflects on these historical insights, he notes the similarities between ancient observations and modern meteorological practices. While early weather predictors lacked the scientific tools we have today, they relied on acute observation and experience, laying the groundwork for the scientific method. Their observations often aligned with contemporary understanding, such as the connection between humidity and the behaviour of salt, which can become moist before rain.

The book also draws attention to the rich tapestry of weather-related mythology in Ireland. Stories of the Tuatha Dé Danann, a mythical race believed to influence weather, illustrate the significance of climatic conditions in ancient narratives. Events like storms and floods were often depicted as divine interventions, highlighting the intersection of weather and myth.

Magan’s work serves as a reminder of the enduring relevance of weather lore, particularly in the context of ongoing climate change. By reflecting on the experiences of past generations, we can deepen our understanding of the environment and its impact on our lives today.

“Ninety-Nine Words for Rain (and One for Sun)” has been nominated for the Best Irish-Published Book in the upcoming An Post Irish Book Awards 2025, showcasing the importance of preserving and celebrating these stories. As readers engage with Magan’s insights, they are encouraged to reflect on their own connections to nature and the narratives that shape our understanding of the world around us.