Sanae Takaichi Poised to Become Japan’s First Female Prime Minister

Japan is set to make history as the parliament prepares to elect Sanae Takaichi as the nation’s first female prime minister on December 12, 2023. This significant milestone follows a tumultuous period marked by a three-month political vacuum after the Liberal Democratic Party’s (LDP) considerable election defeat in July. Takaichi will succeed Shigeru Ishiba, who stepped down after just one year in office.

Takaichi’s election comes on the heels of a coalition agreement with the right-wing Japan Innovation Party (JIP), led by Hirofumi Yoshimura, the Governor of Osaka. The alliance, announced shortly before the parliamentary vote, strengthens her governing bloc but remains short of a parliamentary majority. This situation raises concerns about the potential stability of her government as she will need to navigate a fragmented opposition to push through legislation.

At a signing ceremony on Monday, Takaichi emphasized the necessity for political stability, stating, “Political stability is essential right now. Without stability, we cannot push measures for a strong economy or diplomacy.” Her coalition with JIP comes after the LDP lost its longstanding partnership with the center-right Komeito, which has expressed more moderate views.

While Takaichi’s premiership marks a breakthrough for gender representation in Japan, her record raises questions about her commitment to gender equality. She has previously faced criticism for her stance on women’s advancement, including opposition to same-sex marriage and the promotion of male-only succession within the imperial family.

Takaichi, 64, is a protégé of the late former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and is expected to adopt many of his policies, focusing on a robust military and economic strategy, as well as potential revisions to Japan’s pacifist constitution. However, her administration could face challenges given the LDP’s weakened position after the coalition with Komeito dissolved.

Takaichi’s immediate priorities will include addressing economic issues, particularly rising prices, and preparing for a major policy speech later this week. Her government will also need to engage with international leaders, including discussions with U.S. President Donald Trump and participation in regional summits.

In her first week in office, Takaichi will present a Cabinet that includes several allies of LDP kingmaker Taro Aso, aligning with her political base. Yet, the JIP will not initially hold ministerial posts, reflecting a cautious approach as the party assesses its partnership with the LDP.

As Takaichi steps into this historic role, her administration’s effectiveness may hinge on her ability to unify a diverse coalition while addressing criticism regarding her past comments and actions, particularly those perceived as nationalistic or revisionist in nature. The challenges ahead are substantial, and her leadership may be closely scrutinized as Japan navigates its future under a new political landscape.