Young Adults Face Spinal Damage Linked to Laughing Gas Use

Young adults are increasingly being diagnosed with spinal cord damage associated with the recreational use of laughing gas, or nitrous oxide. A recent study published in the American Journal of Neuroradiology highlights a notable rise in such cases, particularly since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The research, led by Professor Seamus Looby from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), indicates that between 2021 and 2024, there were 14 documented cases, with a median patient age of just 20 years. Remarkably, no cases were reported at Beaumont Hospital from 2012 to 2020.

The study’s findings suggest a correlation between the rise in spinal cord injuries and the increased recreational use of nitrous oxide during the pandemic. “Presentations occurring exclusively between 2020–2024 correlate with the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath, which aligns with reported increased misuse across Europe at this time,” the research states. This aligns with concerns raised by youth workers and community organizations about the rising prevalence of nitrous oxide misuse among young people.

The low cost and easy availability of nitrous oxide have contributed to its appeal as a recreational substance. Although it is legally sold for medical and commercial purposes, its misuse poses significant health risks. The gas can disrupt the body’s ability to process vitamin B12, potentially leading to a condition known as subacute combined degeneration (SACD) of the spinal cord. Symptoms of SACD include numbness in extremities and difficulties with balance and coordination.

Health Concerns and Lasting Effects

Professor Looby expressed alarm over the increase in spinal cord damage cases since the pandemic, urging for greater awareness and educational efforts regarding the risks associated with nitrous oxide. “We hope it prompts greater awareness and education on nitrous oxide’s potential for permanent, damaging effects,” he stated. He emphasized the importance of early medical intervention for individuals experiencing symptoms, encouraging openness about nitrous oxide use to facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment.

While many patients in the study showed improvement following treatment, none achieved a complete recovery. All participants experienced some degree of lasting neurological damage, highlighting the serious consequences of recreational nitrous oxide use. The findings serve as a critical reminder of the potential dangers associated with substances that are often perceived as harmless due to their legal status.

The RCSI’s research sheds light on a troubling trend that underscores the need for increased vigilance and preventative measures to protect young people from the hidden dangers of recreational drugs.