Nationwide Survey Launches to Track Squirrel and Pine Marten Populations

The University of Galway has initiated a comprehensive nationwide survey aimed at monitoring the populations of red squirrels and pine martens across Ireland. This initiative encourages the public to participate as Citizen Scientists, contributing to the understanding of these iconic woodland species over the course of 2026.

The survey, conducted in partnership with Ulster Wildlife and the Vincent Wildlife Trust, seeks to map the current distribution of red and grey squirrels, as well as pine martens. Citizens are invited to log their sightings of these mammals through online forms available at www.biodiversityireland.ie and www2.habitas.org.uk/records. This project is supported by the National Biodiversity Data Centre in the Republic of Ireland and CEDaR in Northern Ireland.

Tracking Changes in Wildlife Populations

This survey builds on previous monitoring efforts that have been conducted four times since 1997, providing valuable insights into long-term trends and conservation successes. The red squirrel, Ireland’s only native squirrel species, once thrived in forests but has faced significant challenges since the introduction of the grey squirrel in 1911. The grey species has affected the red squirrel population through disease transmission and competition for resources, leading to the red squirrel’s decline in various areas.

Recent findings, however, indicate a surprising recovery for the red squirrel. According to Dr. Colin Lawton from the University of Galway’s School of Natural Sciences, the latest survey revealed that the grey squirrel has nearly vanished from ten midland counties, while both the red squirrel and pine marten appear to be thriving. He stated, “The dynamics between the three species is finely balanced, and we need to continue to monitor the animals to ensure things don’t change again.”

Research suggests that the resurgence of the red squirrel may be linked to the comeback of the pine marten, a native predator capable of hunting grey squirrels. Red squirrels, having evolved alongside pine martens, have adapted to evade these predators more effectively, allowing them to regain some of their former range.

The Role of Citizen Scientists

The survey aims to gather extensive data from the public, which has proven crucial in previous monitoring efforts. During the last survey in 2019, a remarkable 3,407 records were submitted by citizens, significantly enriching the understanding of these species’ distributions.

Katy Bell, Senior Conservation Officer at Ulster Wildlife, expressed enthusiasm for the collaboration, stating, “Ulster Wildlife has been monitoring these three species for over a decade in Northern Ireland and is delighted to partner once again with the University of Galway to complete the picture on how these species are faring across Ireland. This data will be invaluable to the conservation work for the red squirrel and pine marten in Ireland.”

Dr. Lawton emphasized the importance of citizen involvement, encouraging the public to share their sightings and photographs. This collaborative approach not only aids in tracking wildlife but also fosters a deeper connection with nature among participants. The initiative seeks to build a detailed picture of how these mammals are adapting to changing environments, ultimately contributing to ongoing conservation efforts.

The survey presents a significant opportunity for individuals to engage in wildlife conservation and play an essential role in safeguarding Ireland’s biodiversity for future generations.